Amanqanaba ezoqoqosho kumazwe ali-11 eBRICS

Ngobukhulu obukhulu bezoqoqosho kunye namandla awo okukhula anamandla, amazwe e-BRICS abe yinjini ebalulekileyo yokuvuselela uqoqosho lwehlabathi kunye nokukhula. Eli qela leemarike ezikhulayo kunye namazwe asakhasayo alihlali nje kuphela kwindawo ebalulekileyo kumthamo wezoqoqosho lilonke, kodwa likwabonisa iingenelo zokwahlukahlukana ngokwezibonelelo zoncedo, ubume boshishino kunye namandla orhwebo.

Isishwankathelo sezoqoqosho kumazwe ali-11 e-BRICS

Okokuqala, Ubungakanani bezoqoqosho ngokubanzi

1. I-GDP iyonke: Njengabameli bamazwe asahlumayo nasakhasayo, amazwe e-BRICS akwindawo ebalulekileyo kuqoqosho lwehlabathi. Ngokutsho kwedatha yakutshanje (njengesiqingatha sokuqala se-2024), i-GDP edibeneyo yamazwe e-BRICS (i-China, i-Indiya, iRashiya, iBrazil, uMzantsi Afrika) ifikelele kwi-12.83 yeebhiliyoni zeedola, ebonisa ukukhula okunamandla. Kuthathelwa ingqalelo igalelo le-GDP lamalungu amatsha amathandathu (i-Egypt, i-Ethiopia, iSaudi Arabia, i-Iran, i-UAE, i-Argentina), ubukhulu bezoqoqosho bubonke bamazwe e-BRICS ali-11 buya kwandiswa ngakumbi. Sithathela ingqalelo idatha yowama-2022 njengomzekelo, i-GDP iyonke yamazwe ali-11 e-BRICS ifikelele malunga nama-29.2 eetriliyoni zeedola zaseMelika, ithatha malunga ne-30% ye-GDP iyonke yehlabathi, ethe yanda kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ebonisa indawo ebalulekileyo yamazwe e-BRICS uqoqosho lwehlabathi.

2. Abemi: Itotali yabemi be-BRICS kumazwe ali-11 nawo makhulu kakhulu, athatha phantse isiqingatha sabemi behlabathi bebonke. Ngokukodwa, inani labemi bamazwe e-BRICS lifikelele malunga ne-3.26 yeebhiliyoni, kwaye amalungu amathandathu amatsha ongeze malunga ne-390 yezigidi zabantu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba inani labemi be-BRICS lamazwe ali-11 lifikelele kwi-3.68 yeebhiliyoni, libalelwa kwi-46% yabemi behlabathi. . Esi siseko sikhulu sabemi sibonelela ngomsebenzi otyebileyo kunye nemarike yabathengi kuphuhliso loqoqosho lwamazwe e-BRICS.

Okwesibini, umyinge we-aggregate yezoqoqosho iyonke kuqoqosho lwehlabathi

Kule minyaka yakutsha nje, intlanganisela yezoqoqosho yamazwe ali-11 e-BRICS iqhubekile nokukhula ngokomlinganiselo woqoqosho lwehlabathi, kwaye ibe ngamandla angenakungahoywa kuqoqosho lwehlabathi. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, i-GDP edibeneyo yamazwe e-BRICS ali-11 iya kwenza malunga ne-30% ye-GDP iyonke yehlabathi ngo-2022, kwaye lo mlinganiso kulindeleke ukuba uqhubeke nokukhula kwiminyaka ezayo. Ngokomeleza intsebenziswano yezoqoqosho kunye notshintshiselwano lwezorhwebo, amazwe e-BRICS athe gqolo esomeleza iwonga lawo kunye nefuthe kuqoqosho lwehlabathi.

Amanqanaba ezoqoqosho kumazwe ali-11 eBRICS.

eTshayina

1.GDP kunye nenqanaba:

• GDP: US $17.66 yetriliyoni (2023 data)

• Inqanaba lehlabathi: 2nd

2. Ukwenziwa kwemveliso: I-China lelona lizwe likhulu lemveliso ehlabathini, elinekhonkco elipheleleyo lemizi-mveliso kunye nomthamo omkhulu wemveliso.

• Impahla ethunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle: Ngokwandiswa kokwenziwa kwemveliso kunye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle ukuqhubela phambili ukukhula koqoqosho, ixabiso lorhwebo lwangaphandle libekwe phakathi kwezona ziphezulu kwihlabathi.

• Uphuhliso lweziseko ezingundoqo: Utyalo-mali oluqhubekayo kwiziseko ezingundoqo lubonelela ngenkxaso eyomeleleyo kuhlumo loqoqosho.

Indiya

1. Iyonke iGDP kunye nenqanaba:

• I-GDP iyonke: $3.57 yetriliyoni (idatha ka-2023)

• Inqanaba lehlabathi: 5th

2. Izizathu zokukhula ngokukhawuleza koqoqosho:

• Imakethi enkulu yangaphakathi: ibonelela ngamathuba amakhulu okukhula koqoqosho. Abasebenzi abasebatsha: Abasebenzi abasebatsha nabanamandla ngumqhubi obalulekileyo wokukhula koqoqosho.

• Icandelo lobuChwepheshe boLwazi: Icandelo leteknoloji yolwazi elanda ngokukhawuleza lifaka amandla amatsha kuhlumo loqoqosho.

3. Imingeni kunye nezinto ezinokwenzeka kwixesha elizayo:

• Imingeni: Imiba efana nentlupheko, ukungalingani kunye norhwaphilizo ithintela uphuhliso loqoqosho olongezelelweyo.

• Amandla exesha elizayo: Uqoqosho lwaseIndiya kulindeleke ukuba lukhule ngokukhawuleza ngokuzinzisa iinguqu kwezoqoqosho, ukomelezwa kweziseko ezingundoqo kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wemfundo.

Rhashiya

1. IMveliso yeLizwe epheleleyo kunye nenqanaba:

• Isambuku seMveliso yasekhaya: $1.92 yetriliyoni (idatha ka-2023)

• Irenki yehlabathi: Elona nqanaba lixhomekeke kutshintsho ngokwedatha yamva nje, kodwa lihlala liphezulu kwihlabathi.

2. Iimpawu zoQoqosho:

• Ukuthunyelwa kwamandla kumazwe angaphandle: Amandla yintsika ebalulekileyo kuqoqosho lwaseRashiya, ngakumbi ukuthunyelwa kwe-oli negesi kumazwe angaphandle.

•Icandelo loshishino lomkhosi: Icandelo lemizi-mveliso yomkhosi lidlala indima ebalulekileyo kuqoqosho lwaseRashiya.

3. Iimpembelelo zezoqoqosho zezohlwayo kunye nemingeni yelizwe lezopolitiko:

• Izohlwayo zaseNtshona zibe nempembelelo kuqoqosho lwaseRashiya, okubangela ukuba uqoqosho lucutheke ngokweedola.

• Nangona kunjalo, iRashiya iye yasabela kuxinzelelo lwezohlwayo ngokwandisa amatyala ayo kunye nokukhulisa icandelo layo lezomkhosi-mveliso.

Brazil

1. Umthamo weGDP kunye nenqanaba:

• Umthamo weGDP: $2.17 yetriliyoni (idatha ka-2023)

• Inqanaba lehlabathi: Ixhomekeke kwinguqu ngokusekelwe kwidatha yamva nje.

2. UkuBuyisa kwakhona uQoqosho:

• EzoLimo: EzoLimo licandelo elibalulekileyo kuqoqosho lwaseBrazil, ingakumbi imveliso yeembotyi zesoya kunye neswekile.

• Imigodi neShishini: Icandelo lezemigodi nelemizi-mveliso nalo libe negalelo elibalulekileyo ekuvuseleleni uqoqosho.

3. Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye nohlengahlengiso lomgaqo-lawulo wemali:

• Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso eBrazil kwehlile, kodwa uxinzelelo lokunyuka kwamaxabiso luhlala luyinkxalabo.

• Ibhanki enguvimba waseBrazil iqhubekile nokucutha inzala ukuxhasa ukukhula koqoqosho.

Mzantsi Afrika

1.GDP kunye nenqanaba:

• GDP: US $377.7 billion (2023 data)

• Irenki inokuhla emva kokwandiswa.

2. Ukuchacha kwezoqoqosho:

• Ukuchacha koqoqosho loMzantsi Afrika kubuthathaka, kwaye utyalo-mali lwehle kakhulu.

• Intswela-ngqesho ephezulu kunye nokwehla kwePMI yokwenziwa kwemveliso yimingeni.

Iprofayili yezoqoqosho yamazwe amatsha angamalungu

1. ISaudi Arabia:

• I-GDP iyonke: Malunga ne-1.11 yetriliyoni yeedola (iqikelelwa ngokusekwe kwidatha yembali kunye neendlela zehlabathi)

• Uqoqosho lwe-oyile: ISaudi Arabia yenye yezona zinto zithengisa kakhulu ioli emhlabeni, kwaye uqoqosho lwe-oyile ludlala indima ebalulekileyo kwi-GDP yayo.

2. EArgentina:
• I-GDP iyonke: ngaphezulu kwe-630 yeebhiliyoni zeedola (iqikelelo ngokusekwe kwidatha yembali kunye neendlela zehlabathi)

• Indawo yesibini kwezoqoqosho kuMzantsi Melika: IArgentina lelinye lamazwe abalulekileyo kwezoqoqosho eMzantsi Melika, enobungakanani bemarike enkulu kunye nokubanakho.

3. I-UAE:

• I-GDP iyonke: Ngelixa inani elichanekileyo linokwahluka ngonyaka kunye nomgangatho weenkcukacha-manani, i-UAE inobukho obubalulekileyo kuqoqosho lwehlabathi ngenxa yophuhliso lweshishini le-oyile kunye nobume boqoqosho obahlukeneyo.

4. iYiphutha:

• Isambuku se-GDP: I-Egypt yenye yoqoqosho olukhulu e-Afrika, inabasebenzi abaninzi kunye nentabalala yemithombo yendalo.

• Iimpawu zoqoqosho: Uqoqosho lwaseYiphutha lulawulwa lulimo, ukwenziwa kwemveliso kunye neenkonzo, kwaye lukhuthaze ukwahlukana kwezoqoqosho kunye nohlaziyo kwiminyaka yakutshanje.

5. Iran:

• ISambuku seMveliso yasekhaya: I-Iran lelinye lamazwe aphambili kwezoqoqosho kuMbindi Mpuma, enemithombo eninzi ye-oli negesi.

• Iimpawu zoqoqosho: Uqoqosho lwase-Iran luchatshazelwe kakhulu zizigwebo zamazwe ngamazwe, kodwa lusazama ukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwi-oyile ngokuhlukana.

6. Ethiopia:

• I-GDP: I-Ethiopia inolunye loqoqosho olukhula ngokukhawuleza e-Afrika, noqoqosho olusekwe kwezolimo lutshintshela kwimveliso kunye neenkonzo.

• Iimpawu zoqoqosho: Urhulumente wase-Ethiopia ukhuthaza ukwakhiwa kweziseko ezingundoqo kunye nophuhliso lwemizi-mveliso ukutsala utyalo-mali lwangaphandle nokukhuthaza ukukhula koqoqosho.